东北红豆杉—无花果复合种植对两种植物生长和土壤酶活性影响

摘要： 设计了室内控制条件下的东北红豆杉和无花果的复合种植实验，并与单一种植东北红豆杉和单一种植无花果的模式进行了比较。分别考察了上述3种模式下，东北红豆杉和无花果的生长指标、光合作用以及土壤酶活性差异。结果表明：①在生长量方面，复合种植3个月的东北红豆杉的株高增长率为152.6%，是单一种植的东北红豆杉株高增长率的1.56倍；复合种植3个月的无花果，其当年生枝的生长量为68.4 cm³，比单一种植的无花果高36.3%。②在光合作用指标方面，在800 μmol·m^-2·s^-1光照强度下，复合种植3个月的东北红豆杉和无花果净光合速率与相应的单一种植相比，分别提高了19.0%和5.3%。③在土壤酶活性方面，在7月份，复合种植模式下的土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶和酸性磷酸酶活性比单一种植东北红豆杉土壤相应酶活性分别提高51.6%、58.5%和50.8%，比单一种植物无花果土壤相应酶活性分别提高85.5%、47.5%和71.9%；土壤多酚氧化酶活性在不同种植模式之间无显著差异（P>0.01）。综上，东北红豆杉-无花果复合种植可以提高土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶和酸性磷酸酶活性，对两种植物生长均具有促进作用。上述结果可为在生产实践上进行东北红豆杉-无花果复合经营提供参考。

Abstract: An interplanting experiment of Taxus cuspidata and Ficus carica under indoor control conditions was designed and compared with the single plantation of T.cuspidata and single planting F.carica. The differences in growth indexes, photosynthesis, and soil enzyme activities of T.cuspidata and F.carica were investigated, respectively. The results were as follows:①In terms of growth, the growth rate of interplanting T.cuspidata for 3 months was 152.6%, which was 1.56 times the growth rate of single planted T.cuspidata. The biomass of interplanting F.carica for 3 months in the same year was 68.4 cm³, which was 36.3% higher than that of single planted F.carica. ②In terms of photosynthesis, the net photosynthetic rates of interplanting T.cuspidata and F.carica for 3 months were increased by 19.0% and 5.3%, respectively, compared with the corresponding single planting species at the light intensity of 800 μmol·m^-2·s^-1. ③In the interplanting T.cuspidata and F.carica mode in July, the activities of sucrase, urease, and acid phosphatase in soil were 51.6%, 58.5%, and 50.8% higher than the corresponding enzyme activities in the soils planted with single Taxus cuspidate mode, 85.5%, 47.5%, and 71.9% higher than the corresponding enzyme activities in the soils planted with single F.carica mode. There was no significant difference in soil polyphenol oxidase activity between different planting modes(P>0.01). In conclusion, the interplanting of T.cuspidata and F.carica can increase soil sucrase, urease and acid phosphatase activities, and promote the growth of both plants.